Abstract
Publisher Summary This chapter presents an overview of data regarding the application of hydrogen fluoride for the structural analysis of polysaccharides, primarily those of bacterial origin. The reactions of amylose, cellulose, inulin, starch, and xylans, and their constituent monosaccharides have been well studied. Before conducting the reaction, the hydrogen fluoride is often dried by distilling it from cobalt(III) trifluoride or filtering it through a layer of this salt. The use of hydrogen fluoride in establishing the monosaccharide composition of carbohydrates was studied for the first time in 1977. This reagent was shown to be applicable for the quantitative determination of monosaccharides in neutral and acidic plant polysaccharides (arabinogalactan from larch and whole cell-walls from tomato). A comparison of the recoveries of sugars from tomato suspension–culture cell walls after hydrolysis with 2 M trifluoroacetic acid, with and without previous solvolysis with hydrogen fluoride, showed a great increase in the recovery of D -glucose (from cellulose) after the solvolysis, but some decrease in the recovery of pentoses.
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