Application of alkaline MnP immobilized Luffa fibers in mixed azo dyes degradation

Abstract

The dying of textiles, foods, tablets, and cosmetics has gained importance as they are attractive and colorful. These dyes vary in their physical and chemical properties. These dyes are resistant to stresses and are carcinogenic and mutagenic. The release of reactive azo dyes into the environment poses a great threat to living organisms. The treatment of the reactive azo dyes gained limelight by the implementation of conventional techniques. Despite the advantages, these methods are expensive and produce secondary sludge, thereby increasing the toxicity—the eco-friendly application of microorganisms surviving in the reactive azo dye contaminated sites. The alkaliphiles thrive in the higher alkaline environment by utilizing azo dyes as the sole carbon source and producing enzymes. The cleavage of the complex azo dyes is aided by azo-reductase, laccase, and peroxidases. The degradation of the mixed azo dye using Manganese Peroxidase enzyme produced by an alkaliphilic bacterial strainPseudomonas mendocinaThe optimum temperature (60 °C) showed 3.76 U/mL and 1.67 U/mL at alkaline pH. The enzyme activity (1.4 U/mL) was immobilized in the luffa fibers of the fruit Luffa aegyptiacawas employed in the mixed azo dyes degradation. The degradation was further analyzed using HPLC and GC–MS.