Abstract
The optimization of the programming voltage and the dimensions of antifuse bitcells is a design challenge due to antagonistic parameters. An optimization approach is presented using a time-dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB) model. Fowler-Nordheim wear-out current and <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">BD</sub> power-law models are identified using electrical characterizations performed on antifuse bitcells fabricated in standard 40-nm CMOS. The TDDB model allows the calculation of the programming voltage according to a targeted <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">BD</sub> and the antifuse bitcell dimensions. As a result, it was shown that the lowest programming voltage is obtained for a small capacitor, whereas the size of the drift transistor has a second-order impact.
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