Abstract
BackgroundRice vinegar (RV) and white vinegar (WV) as daily flavoring, have also used as accessory in traditional Chinese medicine processing. As we know, the promoting blood circulation efficiency could be enhanced when herbs processed by vinegar. Number of reports focused on health benefits derived by consumption of vinegar. However, few concerned the blood circulation bioactivity.MethodsIn this paper, a metabolomics guided strategy was proposed to elaborate on the chemical constituents’ variation of two kinds of vinegar. GC–MS coupled with multivariate statistical analysis were conducted to analyze the chemical components in RV and WV and discriminate these two kinds of vinegar. The anti-platelet activities in vitro were investigated by whole blood aggregometry platelet test. And the anticoagulant activities were monitored by the whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, packed cell volume, prothrombin time, and four coagulation tests (PT, TT, APTT, FIB) in vivo.ResultsConstituents of RV and WV were globally characterized and 33 potential biomarkers were identified. The contents of four potential alkaloid biomarkers increased with aging time prolonged in RV. RV and its alkaloids metabolites exhibited some anti-platelet effects in vitro and anticoagulant activities in vivo. WV failed to exhibit promoting effects.ConclusionsAlkaloid metabolites were demonstrated to be the principal compounds contributing to discrimination and it increased with aging time prolonged in RV. RV exhibited the blood circulation bioactivity. The alkaloids of RV contributed to the blood circulation bioactivity.Graphical abstractThe diagram of metabolomics guided promoting blood circulation bioactivity compounds screening strategy
Highlights
Rice vinegar (RV) and white vinegar (WV) as daily flavoring, have used as accessory in traditional Chinese medicine processing
We found that the dissociation of the carboxyl of Arachidonic acid (AA) was restrained in the acidic medium, which made it impossible to induce the platelet aggregation
Validation of the promoting blood circulation activity of vinegars in vivo Following the results of the anti-platelet research, the RV with 30 months of aging time was employed as experimental material
Summary
Rice vinegar (RV) and white vinegar (WV) as daily flavoring, have used as accessory in traditional Chinese medicine processing. The promoting blood circulation efficiency could be enhanced when herbs processed by vinegar. As evidences accumulated, Ning et al Chemistry Central Journal (2017) 11:38 of therapeutic efficiency after processing [5, 6], but there are few relative reports concerning the blood circulation bioactivity of vinegar. Rice vinegar (RV) and white vinegar (WV) are two fermented vinegar, used in China and the United States, produced from rice with distinctive production methods [2]. The production of RV begins with immersion of rice in water, heating, cooling, and inoculation with yeast to produce alcohol [7]. The WV was fermented from distilled alcohol to acetic acid without aging process
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