Application of a higher throughput approach to derive apparent Michaelis-Menten constants of isoform-selective p450-mediated biotransformation reactions in human hepatocytes.

Abstract

A higher throughput platform was developed for the determination of K(M) values for isoformselective P450 substrates in human hepatocytes via incubation of the hepatocytes with substrates in 384- well plates and metabolite quantification by RapidFire™ mass spectrometry. Isoform-selective P450 substrates were incubated at 8 concentrations in triplicate with cryopreserved human hepatocytes from 16 donors. The metabolic pathways examined were the CYP1A2-catalyzed tacrine 1-hydroxylation, CYP2B6-catalyzed bupropion hydroxylation, CYP2C8-catalyzed amodiaquine N-deethylation, CYP2C9- catalyzed diclofenac 4'-hydroxylation, CYP2D6-catalyzed dextromethorphan O-demethylation, and CYP3A4-catalyzed midazolam 1'-hydroxylation. Typical saturation enzyme kinetics was observed for all the pathways evaluated. Individual differences in the apparent V(max) and K(M) values were observed among the human hepatocytes from each of the 16 individual donors, with no statistically significant gender- or age-associated differences. A "composite" K(M) value was calculated for each of the pathways via normalizing the individual activities to their respective V(max) values to develop "relative activities" followed by Michaelis-Menten analysis of the mean relative activities of the 16 donors at each of the 8 substrate concentrations. The resulting "composite" K(M) values for the P450 substrates may be used to guide in vitro P450 inhibition and induction studies and kinetic modeling of in vivo drug-drug interaction.