Application of a bis-thiourea ionophore for an anion selective electrode with a remarkable sulfate selectivity

Abstract

Anion-selective solvent polymeric membrane electrodes based on hydrogen bond-forming, neutral ionophores with two urea or thiourea groups bridged by a m-xylylene unit are described. The use of α,α′-bis( N′-phenylthioureylene)- m-xylene results in ion-selective electrodes with a remarkable selectivity for sulfate. An electrode with this compound as ionophore, poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) as polymeric matrix, 2-nitrophenyl octyl ether (o-NPOE) as plasticizer and cationic sites (50 mol% relative to the ionophore) responds to sulfate in a Nernstian manner in the concentration range from 10 −6 to 10 −2 M. In comparison to conventional anion-exchanger electrodes, the interference of SCN −, NO − 3, Br −, and Cl − is significantly reduced, as shown by the selectivity coefficients determined with the matched potential method in the sulfate concentration range 1.0–10 mM ( log K pot sulfate, B : SCN −, +2.9; NO − 3, +1.6; Br −, +1.1; Cl −, −0.1). The present electrode has a higher selectivity for sulfate than any previously reported ionophore-based ion-selective electrode. No significant changes in the detection limit and response slope were observed when the electrode was stored for 28 days in an aqueous buffer solution.