Abstract
The physical surface of the earth has irregular shape which is not mathematically defined, therefore the shape of the Earth is approximated with mathematically defined surfaces such as ellipsoid and sphere. The developing of a global positioning systems, thus and modern navigation systems, as effect produce large amounts of data which contain the problem of homogeneity. This problem could be exceed if all the data are store in the same coordinate system. Hence the need for data transformation from local coordinate systems to the global coordinate systems. Global level implies WGS84 ellipsoid and UTM projection while national coordinate system of Republic Serbia is Gauss-Kruger with Bessel ellipsoid. This coordinate system of Republic Serbia on a global level has a local character. Applying appropriate mathematical models and functions it is possible to transform coordinates from one system to another and vice versa. The paper describes coordinate transformations from Gauss-Kruger coordinate system ellipsoid Bessel to UTM projection WGS84 ellipsoid and vice versa, and also an application which provides transformation of its kind that is made using open source environment. Name of the application is TRANS7_GK_UTM_GK and it can be found and used on the web page of the faculty for Mining and Geology under the link http://gk2utm.rgf.bg.ac.rs with a user guide.
Highlights
National networks and related data can be found in national projections which can be divided into zones, within a state, data can be located into different coordinate systems
Projection has called Gauss-Kruger because the theory concept had been developed by Gauss, and practical concept had done by Kruger on 1912th (Kruger 1912)
Selection of the coordinate system is one of the first steps in establishing GIS and it should be done with particular attention, because well planned and adequately adopted projection is a base for establishing GIS
Summary
National networks and related data can be found in national projections which can be divided into zones, within a state, data can be located into different coordinate systems. EPSG (European Petroleum Survey Group – Oil & Gas Producers) has started collecting geodetic parameters since 1986th which are aviable on the web address http://www.epsg-registry.org/. This data set allows simple transformations between different coordinate systems, constantly evolving, progressing and updated. The paper describes coordinate transformations from Gauss-Kruger coordinate system ellipsoid Bessel to UTM projection WGS84 ellipsoid and vice versa, and algorithm which can be used in „r“ open source software. Using the software package „shiny“ within „r“ software, TRANS7_GK-UTM-GK application is make to be used for users who don’t need to know programming. Application TRANS7_GK_UTM_GK can be found and used on the web page of the faculty for Mining and Geology under the link http://gk2utm.rgf.bg.ac.rs with a user guide
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