Abstract
The article presents data on the study of the effectiveness of tetra-p feed additive and toxin adsorbents Minazel plus and Sorbitox introduced into feed, naturally contaminated with mycotoxins. The experiment was conducted on young bulls of 9 months age, which for 3 months got the preparations in diets in the following concentrations: the first group – tetra-p – 5.0 kg/t of feed, Minazel plus – 1.5 kg/t of feed, the second group – tetra-p – 5.0 kg/t of feed, Sorbitox (1.5 kg/t of feed). The results of the experiment determined that the use of tetra-p in combination with preparations with sorption activity had a pronounced therapeutic effect on the body of young bulls. An improvement in the clinical condition of animals was observed from 14-16 days of the experimental period and was manifested by an increase in appetite, normalization of the gastrointestinal tract, as well as by an increase in body weight gain by 11.7 % and 10.3 %. Blood biochemical parameters were characterized by an increase in the level of total protein by 12.4–15.8 % (p ≤ 0.01), albumin by 18.0–21.3 %, urea by a factor of 1.53–1.44 (p ≥ 0.01), cholesterol by 1.4–1.56 times and triglycerides by 1.6 times. The activity of liver enzymes decreased by 18.3–21.4 % (ALT) and by 25.7–27.1 % (AST). It has been proved that the developed scheme improves the effectiveness of treatment of mycotoxicosis in animals by the optimizing effect on metabolism, restoration of impaired homeostasis, activation of reparative processes of the liver tissue and increased deposition, activation and utilization of pollutants, produced by microscopic fungi.
Highlights
The problem of mycoses and mycotoxicoses remains one of the main problems in animal husbandry
In the course of mycological, toxicological and biological as well as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of samples of mono feed taken at the farm, the concentration of spores of Aspergillus flavus fungi was revealed in amount of 2.5 × 104, Fusarium sp. 3.4 × 104, Mucorsp. – 2,0 × 104
The concentration of mycotoxins in the samples exceeded the maximum permissible level (T-2 toxin at the concentration of 0.4 mg/kg and aflatoxin B1 at the concentration of 0.2 mg/kg), which was confirmed by bioassay in laboratory animals
Summary
The problem of mycoses and mycotoxicoses remains one of the main problems in animal husbandry. They are specific diseases that arise as a result of eating feed affected by toxic metabolites of molds [1]. The greatest danger to farm animals is represented by microscopic saprophytes fungi that infect the feed substrate during storage: Aspergillus, Penicillium, Fusarium, Alternaria, Mucor, Rizophormus, etc. Today more than 350 species of microscopic fungi are known that produce a huge amount of mycotoxins, among which the most dangerous are aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, zearalenone, trichocetins, etc. Mycotoxins are formed on all feed crops, without exception, both on growing plants and in the process of grain maturation and storage [3]
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