Application Chang's Extent Analysis Method for Ranking Barriers in the E-Learning Model Based on Multi-Stakeholder Decision Making

Abstract

E-learning success model is a crucial topic, especially in the context of the Fourth Industry with artificial intelligence and virtual reality in developing countries. In practice, it is a combination of technology and education; human and system form an integrated digital learning world. E-learning has many outstanding advantages in providing flexible training and equal education to everyone, which has dramatically changed the self-study process due to the ability to customize and effectively meet the learners' demands. However, e-learning is still inferior to traditional learning and teaching in recent years. This paper explores the key barriers to e-learning success based on multi-stakeholder perspectives. The Chang's Extent Analysis Method under fuzzy logic was applied to rank the components of e-learning success model in Vietnam by defining the key barriers to its development. The incorporation of fuzzy set theory in the Analytical Hierarchical Process is superior in representing human judgments. Seven criteria were selected after justifying the experts' opinions in the in-depth interviews. The findings revealed the important order of infrastructure and technology, human resources, setting, evaluation, management and execution, support and pedagogical aspect. The results are significant for the proper action plan to promote e-learning development under the resource constraint.