Abstract
It is increasingly being recognized that biotic ligand models (BLMs) can successfully predict the toxicity of divalent metals toward aquatic biota applied to temperate freshwater ecosystems. However, studies on the eutrophic lakes in tropical regions toward native tropical organisms, including Moina, are relatively limited. In this study, Moina dubia, the native organism of the Hanoi eutrophic urban lakes, were used in toxicological studies of lead (Pb); 24-h EC50 value of Pb was 523.19µg/L under optimal living conditions for M. dubia in the laboratory. The constant binding of Pb2+ on M. dubia surface sites (log KPbBL = 2.38) was significantly low. Other stability constants were obtained under experiments as logKCaBL = 2.48, logKMgBL = 2.80, logKNaBL = 2.35, logKKBL = 2.49, and logKHBL = 3.026. A BLM was developed to calculate the acute toxicity (EC50-24h) of lead on M. dubia based on the condition of the urban lakes of Hanoi. Validation with toxicity data in synthetic medium showed a coefficient determination of 79.16% and a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 10.2%, while the validation with the toxicity data with natural water medium from 11 Hanoi lakes showed a coefficient determination of 73.7% and a MAPE of 13.66%. The BLM worked well with water at a pH of 7.0 to 8.0, but failed with water at a pH above 8.0. Eutrophic conditions proved to have a significant effect on the toxicity of lead on local zooplankton.
Highlights
Lead is one of the non-essential most toxic metals to the organism (Pareja-Carrera et al 2020)
It is increasingly being recognized that biotic ligand models (BLMs) are valuable in the risk assessment of metals in aquatic systems
The results proved that BLM can be useful tool for calculating the acute toxicity based on water-quality criteria in lake of Hanoi
Summary
Lead is one of the non-essential most toxic metals to the organism (Pareja-Carrera et al 2020). The concentration of lead in the water surface of Bangladeshi rivers ranges 1710180 μg /L (Uddin and Jeong 2021). Another study studied lead concentrations in the northern rivers near the mining areas, Thai Nguyen the lead concentration in water used for agricultural irrigation was from 93.4 to 111.5 μg /L (Nguyen, 2007). The question is how to assess the risk of metal to aquatic ecosystems. In Asia, the BLM was developed for aquatic species in China in 2012 (Wang et al 2011) and recently in 2017 (Wang et al 2017, Zhou et al 2011). In Japan, studies on BLM have been carried out since 2013 but mainly based on toxicological data in other countries (Hayashi 2013, Naito et al, 2010). Most studies on the BLM in tropical regions used the toxicological data collected from the temperate zone (Shoji anh Taniguchi 2016)
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