Application and Research Progress of Recombinant Lactic Acid Bacteria by Genetic Engineering

Abstract

Lactic acid bacteria, as a kind of food-grade microorganism, is widely used in food industry, medical care and other fields. The special function of lactic acid bacteria has been increasingly valued and needed, and the traditional strain screening method is complex, long cycle and low cost, which hinders the development and progress of lactic acid industry. At this time, the rapid development of modern genetic engineering has brought new opportunities for the medical application of LAB. By developing new functional strains of LAB, genes with specific functions can be introduced into the genome of LAB, so that LAB can meet the requirements of designers and users. First of all, this article summarizes the characteristics of lactic acid bacteria and discusses the dominant types of lactic acid bacteria in transgenic bacteria. Then, six medical applications of LAB in vaccine delivery vector, virus prevention and control, allergy treatment, cervical cancer, inflammation, lactose intolerance after genetic engineering were reviewed. Finally, the genetically motified LAB is used in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, such as immune tolerance, vector development, immune mechanism and other issues were reviewed, and the future application of LAB in the field of genetic engineering and cancer treatment was discussed.