Application and Manufacturing Method of Stent Material in Vascular Regeneration and Prevention of Vascular Restenosis

Abstract

With the development of biological tissue engineering, vascular stent materials have been greatly improved. Synthetic polyester polymers and bio-derived materials with excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability and mechanical strength have greatly improved. These are ideal tissue vascular scaffold materials. Vascular stents mainly play two roles in the body: vascular regeneration and prevention of vascular restenosis. In terms of vascular regeneration, the repair of common bone defects and the pulp regeneration require revascularization. This type of stent has production-promoting ability of adopting the multi-level microtubule structure. Different aperture induces different vascular behavior of making the adhered macrophages deforming correspondingly, promoting the infiltration of endothelial cells into the extracellular matrix and accelerating the formation of new blood vessels. In the treatment of atherosclerosis, stents can not only support blood vessels, but also prevent blood vessel from restenosis and keep blood vessels opening for a long time. To this aim, stents generally carry and controllable release of drugs of inhibiting the proliferation of smooth muscle cells. Such stents are called drug-eluting stents. Usual drugs are rapamycin and paclitaxel. This review intends to mix the nano-scale anticancer drug nanoenzymes with polymers on the surface of the stent and exert the sustained drug releasing function of the drug-eluting stent. This type of drug-eluting stent can not only prevent blood vessel restenosis, but also treat cancer by attacking tumor cells.