Abstract
The small-angle approximation is used in solving the radiative transfer equation when the single-scattering phase function has a strong forward peak. The original vector radiative transfer equation is decomposed into three equations: the forward, the regular, and the correction ones. The forward equation can be efficiently solved using the small-angle approximation. The solution of the regular equation is given by the adding-doubling method in this study. The correction equation including cross terms between the forward and the regular quantities is given and analyzed. The combined model associated with the forward and regular equations is further verified in the forward radiative transfer model, where the molecular absorptions with respect to the standard atmospheric profiles are taken into consideration using the line-by-line method. Great agreements are given between the combined model and the model using the straight adding-doubling method.
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