Abstract
Energy consumption of municipal wastewater treatment plants can be reduced by the anaerobic pre-treatment of the main wastewater stream. After this pre-treatment, nitrogen can potentially be removed by partial nitritation and anammox (PN/A). Currently, the application of PN/A is limited to nitrogen-rich streams (>500mgL(-1)) and temperatures 25-35°C. But, anaerobically pretreated municipal wastewater is characterized by much lower nitrogen concentrations (20-100mgL(-1)) and lower temperatures (10-25°C). We operated PN/A under similar conditions: total ammonium nitrogen concentration 50mgL(-1) and lab temperature (22°C). PN/A was operated for 342days in a 4L moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR). At 0.4mgO2L(-1), nitrogen removal rate 33gNm(-3)day(-1) and 80% total nitrogen removal efficiency was achieved. The capacity of the reactor was limited by low AOB activity. We observed significant anammox activity (40gNm(-3)day(-1)) even at 12°C, improving the applicability of PN/A for municipal wastewater treatment.
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