Abstract
Background: Lack of appetite (anorexia) is a relatively common symptom among hemodialysis patients and contributes to development of malnutrition; moreover, it is associated with unfavorable outcomes. The aim of this study was to explore the socio-demographic aspects of end- stage renal disease (ESRD) patients receiving hemodialysis, the clinical characteristics of such patients, and to assess their appetite and its impact on daily dietary intake. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that was carried out at Mansoura Nephrology and Dialysis Unit (MNDU), Mansoura University and Aga Hospital Dialysis Unit, Dakahlia, Egypt. The study was carried on patients with ESRD on hemodialysis. Patients who met inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. Demographic and clinical characteristics were collected and appetite was assessed using subjective assessment of appetite then compared to dietary intake. Results: The current study included 162 hemodialysis patients whose age 48.72±12.64 years, and males constituted 57.4% of them. The two main causes of ESRD in the present study were hypertension (51.9 %), followed by diabetic nephropathy (9.3 %). Hepatitis C virus (HCV) prevalence was found to be 36.4%. Median energy intake was 1348.5 kcal/day with (minimum-maximum) 519.78-3214.17 kcal/day, protein intake was 58.53 g/day. Significant lower values of dietary nutrient intake were observed among patients with diminished appetite category than those with normal appetite when assessed by subjective assessment of appetite. Conclusion: Diminished appetite is associated with decreased nutrient intake. Dietetic counseling is essential in HD patients to reduce rates of malnutrition.
Highlights
end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a permanent decline in a person’s kidney function that necessitates timely renal replacement therapy (RRT) to prevent death
In the current study, we evaluated one hundred seventy-seven ESRD patients on regular HD and only one hundred sixty-two patients were included (4 patients refused enrollment, 7 patients were on dialysis for less than six months duration, 2 patients had infections, and 3 patients were older than 65 years, and 1 patient had cancer,)
The high percentage of male patients in this study was in concordance with Hecking et al, who reported that more men were on hemodialysis than women (59% versus 41% overall)
Summary
ESRD is a permanent decline in a person’s kidney function that necessitates timely renal replacement therapy (RRT) to prevent death. It refers to those patients whose estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) / 1.73 m2 falls below 15 mL/minute or those needing dialysis despite GFR. A person’s desire to eat, is often diminished in HD patients This abnormally diminished appetite, known as anorexia, decreases oral intake of protein and energy, thereby leading to malnutrition and cachexia. Appetite assessment in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients and study their impact on daily dietary intake. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out at Mansoura Nephrology and Dialysis Unit (MNDU), Mansoura University, and Aga Hospital End-stage renal.
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