Abstract
Intermediate-frequency power technology is widely used in aircraft power-supply systems. This paper studies the appearance and motion of vacuum plasmas in an axial magnetic field (AMF) and butt contacts at 360–800 Hz. Under the influence of an AMF, electrons travel in a cylindrical spiral, which is advantageous for maintaining arc diffusion. The experimental results show that when the contact separation was 3 mm, the vacuum arcs were uniformly distributed and diffused in the AMF contacts. We found that the maximum magnetic pinch pressure in the arc column was approximately $10^{4}$ Pa. However, in butt contacts, the arc was intense and was clearly constricted. The order of magnitudes of the magnetic pinch pressure in the center reached $10^{5}$ Pa at the minimum radius of the arc column around the current peak, which formed a higher pressure gradient that caused the plasma and metal vapor to flow to the lower pressure region and form a plasma jet.
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