Apparent digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, protein and energy of native Peruvian feedstuffs in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Abimael Ortiz-Chura,María Esperanza Cerón-Cucchi,Marcelino Jorge Araníbar Araníbar,Francisco Halley Rodríguez Huanca,Ruth Milagro Pari-Puma

doi:10.1186/s41240-018-0111-2

Abstract

Trout production is a growing activity in recent years but requires new alternative sources of feed to be sustainable over time. The objective of this research was to determine the apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP) and digestible energy (DE) of kañiwa (Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen), kiwicha (Amaranthus caudatus L), quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd), beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), sacha inchi, (Plukenetia volubilis L) and jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas) meal in juvenile rainbow trout. The experimental diets were composed of a 70% basal diet and 30% of any raw materials. The ADC was determined by the indirect method using insoluble ash as a non-digestible marker. Jumbo squid, sacha inchi and quinoa showed the highest values of ADC (%) of DM (84.5, 73.5 and 69.7), OM (89.1, 78.4 and 72.9), CP (93.2, 98.0 and 90.3), and DE (4.57, 4.15 and 2.95 Mcal/kg DM), respectively. The ADC values for kañiwa, kiwicha and bean were significantly lower. In conclusion, quinoa meal and jumbo squid meal have an acceptable digestibility but sacha inchi meal is a potential alternative for rainbow trout feeding in the future.

Highlights

Trout production in Peru has experienced considerable growth during the last 10 years (7.5 times), and Puno region produced 43,290 tons lately ([PRODUCE] Ministerio de la Producción 2017)
The apparent digestibility of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP) and digestible energy (DE) among the kañiwa, kiwicha, quinoa, bean, sacha inchi and jumbo squid were significantly different among the experimental diets and among the new raw materials studied (Table 3, P ≤ 0.001)
The experimental diets of jumbo squid, sacha inchi and quinoa had higher values of DM and OM digestibility than the diets containing kiwicha, kañiwa and beans. These results are consistent with the greater apparent digestibility of CP in diets containing sacha inchi meal (92.8%), jumbo squid meal (91.3%), quinoa meal (90.3%) and kiwicha meal (90.1%) and lower in the diets with kañiwa meal and bean meal

Summary

Introduction

Trout production in Peru has experienced considerable growth during the last 10 years (7.5 times), and Puno region produced 43,290 tons lately ([PRODUCE] Ministerio de la Producción 2017). Production of organic trout is being considered due to the increase in demand for organic aquaculture. Trout feeding requires feeds with high protein and energy content, which are mostly covered with fishmeal and fish oil (NRC (National Research Council) 2011). The availability of these raw materials is decreasing and prices are increasing (FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) 2016). Some diets that include proteins of vegetable origin are capable of producing acceptable growth comparable to traditional diets based on fishmeal (Gaylord et al 2007; Davidson et al 2013). It is necessary to identify and determine the nutritional value of newly available plant resources that can be used in the formulation of diets for fish

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Discussion

Conclusion