Abstract
Ontological dualism of human rights, their ideal and real aspect, is what makes them paradoxical. Having this dual nature, do human rights serve to "moralize" or "civilize" people? Analyzing the basic concepts of Kant's philosophy of public law and history, the author concludes that the term "moral rights" is contradictory , that one cannot talk about them in both senses simultaneously and avoid the paradox. If we regard them as juridical law, human rights play a constitutive role in the legislation of a particular country and what analytically follows is the law as coercion. However, if we understand them as moral laws, they will not be regarded as coercion and their function will be strictly regulative.
Highlights
APORIJA LJUDSKIH PRAVA IZ UGLA KANTOVE FILOZOFIJE POLITIKEAPSTRAKT: Ontološki dualizam ljudskih prava, njihov idealni i realni aspekt, uzrok je njihove aporetičnosti
Uvod “Nas su u velikom stupnju kultivisale nauka i umetnost
Do human rights serve to "moralize" or "civilize" people? Analyzing the basic concepts of Kant's philosophy of public law and history, the author concludes that the term "moral rights" is contradictory, that one cannot talk about them in both senses simultaneously and avoid the paradox
Summary
APSTRAKT: Ontološki dualizam ljudskih prava, njihov idealni i realni aspekt, uzrok je njihove aporetičnosti. Ako pokušamo da zauzmemo apstraktnu poziciju sudije istorijskih zbivanja i odatle promatramo ples ljudske slobode, ako se onda zapitamo jesmo li danas tek civilizovani ili već moralizovani, uočićemo kriterijum koji bi mogao voditi naše suđenje u odgovoru na postavljeno pitanje: ljudska prava. Kao moralna prava ona imaju idealnu egzistenciju i ulogu u moralizovanju ljudi. Kao juridički zakoni ona su realni kriterijum legalnosti ljudskih postupaka, čime utiču jedino na civilizovanje građana. Ako je večni mir cilj međunarodne politike, u istom smislu u kome je to zaštita ljudskih prava na globalnom nivou, da li je taj cilj dovoljan da opravda rat kao sredstvo za njegovo dostizanje?. Sledeći metodu Kantovog kriticizma, važenje i primenu ljudskih prava ograničićemo na statutarno pravo pojedinih država, koje su putem odluka opšte narodne volje takva prava želela kao deo sopstvenog zakonodavstva. Ljudska prava mogu zahtevati regulativnu, normativnu univerzalnost, ali ne i njihovu opštost i nužnost juridičkih zakona
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