Apoplastic Cell Death-Inducing Proteins of Filamentous Plant Pathogens: Roles in Plant-Pathogen Interactions.

Ya Li,Jia Chen,Xueqing Geng,Yijuan Han,Zonghua Wang,Xiaofeng Chen,Mengyu Qu,Songbiao Chen

doi:10.3389/fgene.2020.00661

Abstract

Filamentous pathogens, such as phytopathogenic oomycetes and fungi, secrete a remarkable diversity of apoplastic effector proteins to facilitate infection, many of which are able to induce cell death in plants. Over the past decades, over 177 apoplastic cell death-inducing proteins (CDIPs) have been identified in filamentous oomycetes and fungi. An emerging number of studies have demonstrated the role of many apoplastic CDIPs as essential virulence factors. At the same time, apoplastic CDIPs have been documented to be recognized by plant cells as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). The recent findings of extracellular recognition of apoplastic CDIPs by plant leucine-rich repeat-receptor-like proteins (LRR-RLPs) have greatly advanced our understanding of how plants detect them and mount a defense response. This review summarizes the latest advances in identifying apoplastic CDIPs of plant pathogenic oomycetes and fungi, and our current understanding of the dual roles of apoplastic CDIPs in plant-filamentous pathogen interactions.

Highlights

Filamentous pathogens, such as oomycetes and fungi, are the causal agents of many of the world’s most serious plant diseases, causing extensive annual yield losses of crops worldwide (Giraldo and Valent, 2013; Sánchez-Vallet et al, 2018)
We summarize the latest advances in identifying apoplastic cell death-inducing proteins (CDIPs) effectors in plant pathogenic oomycetes and fungi, and our current understanding of the dual roles of apoplastic CDIPs in plant-filamentous pathogen interactions
BAK1/SERK3 and SUPPRESSOR OF BIR1-1 (SOBIR1) appear to be general and central regulators of plant cell death and defense response induced by diverse apoplastic CDIPs besides nlp20, INF1 and XEG1

Summary

Introduction

Filamentous pathogens, such as oomycetes and fungi, are the causal agents of many of the world’s most serious plant diseases, causing extensive annual yield losses of crops worldwide (Giraldo and Valent, 2013; Sánchez-Vallet et al, 2018). Many CPPs have been shown to function as virulence factors in fungi, and on the other hand are able to induce cell death and elicit defense response in plants (Pazzagli et al, 2014).

Results

Conclusion