Apolipoproteins AI/B/E gene polymorphism and their plasma levels in patients with coronary artery disease in a tertiary care-center of Eastern India

Abstract

The present study was designed to investigate whether the three-apolipoprotein (AI, B, E) gene polymorphisms were related to alter their plasma protein levels and hence associated to coronary artery disease (CAD). We determined distribution of MspI apo AI, EcoRI apo B, HhaI apo E gene polymorphisms, plasma apolipoproteins and lipids levels among 150 patients having CAD admitted to the Department of Cardiology, N.R.S. Medical College & Hospital, Kolkata, India during June 2010-June 2012 and 150 age sex matched healthy controls. We found that ApoAI concentration of studied population was significantly different in each genotypes of -75 G/A apo AI (p<0.0001) gene polymorphism. A significant association was found in multivariate analysis for the genotypes with apo E4 allele [odds ratio (OR): 3.639; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.019-12.995, p=0.040] with four conventional risk factors (i.e. smoking, low-density lipoprotein, ApoAI and ApoB) with CAD. In contrast E2 allele has reverse effect, but the genotypes with apo E2 allele was no longer significant in the multivariate model (OR: 1.788; 95% CI: 0.400-8.001, p=0.447) where as being significant in univariate analysis (OR: 0.219; 95% CI: 0.087-0.552, p=0.001). Our findings suggest that the polymorphisms apo AI MspI and apo B EcoRI do not seem to affect CAD. But the genotype with E4 allele of apo E gene independent of other risk factors is associated with this disease.