Abstract
BackgroundHypertriglyceridemia is a common type of dyslipidemia found in obesity. However, it is not established whether primary hyperlipidemia can predispose to obesity. Evidences have suggested that proteins primarily related to plasma lipoprotein transport, such as apolipoprotein (apo) CIII and E, may significantly affect the process of body fat accumulation. We have previously observed an increased adiposity in response to a high fat diet (HFD) in mice overexpressing apoCIII. Here, we examined the potential mechanisms involved in this exacerbated response of apoCIII mice to the HFD.MethodsWe measured body energy balance, tissue capacity to store exogenous lipids, lipogenesis and lipolysis rates in non-transgenic and apoCIII overexpressing mice fed a HFD during two months.ResultsFood intake, fat excretion and whole body CO2 production were similar in both groups. However, the adipose tissue mass (45 %) and leptin plasma levels (2-fold) were significantly greater in apoCIII mice. Lipogenesis rates were similar, while exogenous lipid retention was increased in perigonadal (2-fold) and brown adipose tissues (40 %) of apoCIII mice. In addition, adipocyte basal lipolysis (55 %) and in vivo lipolysis index (30 %) were significantly decreased in apoCIII mice. A fat tolerance test evidenced delayed plasma triglyceride clearance and greater transient availability of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) during the post-prandial state in the apoCIII mice plasma. Thus, apoCIII overexpression resulted in increased NEFA availability to adipose uptake and decreased adipocyte lipolysis, favoring lipid enlargement of adipose depots.ConclusionWe propose that plasma apoCIII levels represent a new risk factor for diet-induced obesity.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12986-015-0058-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Highlights
Hypertriglyceridemia is a common type of dyslipidemia found in obesity
In a previous study, we reported that apoCIII transgenic mice accumulated more body fat than control nontransgenic littermates after consuming a high fat diet (HFD) for 5 months since weaning [28]
In order to identify processes that contribute to the development of obesity in this animal model we investigated apoCIII transgenic and non-transgenic (NTg) littermate mice under HFD for 2 month
Summary
Hypertriglyceridemia is a common type of dyslipidemia found in obesity. It is not established whether primary hyperlipidemia can predispose to obesity. Evidences have suggested that proteins primarily related to plasma lipoprotein transport, such as apolipoprotein (apo) CIII and E, may significantly affect the process of body fat accumulation. We have previously observed an increased adiposity in response to a high fat diet (HFD) in mice overexpressing apoCIII. We examined the potential mechanisms involved in this exacerbated response of apoCIII mice to the HFD. Obesity is a condition in which excess body fat accumulates and may adversely affect one’s health. Hypertriglyceridemia is one of the most common types of dyslipidemia found in obesity, together with low HDL levels and the presence of small and dense LDL particles [6]. Most disorders in lipoprotein metabolism in obese subjects are considered as consequences of insulin
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