Abstract
Background and Aims Lipid metabolism plays important roles in atherosclerosis. Several studies have found that lipoprotein is associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) and hyperlipidemia. Although the roles of the apolipoprotein B/A1 ratio (ApoB/A1) were originally thought to be atherosclerotic, few studies have focused on the specific relationship between ApoB/A1 and severity of coronary artery stenosis with or without the presence of CAD. Methods A total of 6956 consecutive patients aged 21–98 years with suspected CAD who had undergone coronary angiography were enrolled. The severity of coronary lesions was evaluated using the Gensini score (GS). The relationships between ApoB/A1 and severity of coronary artery stenosis were evaluated. Results A total of 1795 non-CAD patients and 5161 CAD patients were included in the observational analysis. Patients with CAD had higher ApoB/A1 than individuals without CAD (0.67 (0.53-0.82) vs. 0.61 (0.49-0.75), p < 0.001). In CAD patients, the higher the ApoB/A1 was, the higher the proportion of patients with MI, triple-vessel lesions, and higher Gensini scores. ApoB/A1 was significantly positively correlated with HbA1c and Gensini scores in CAD patients but not in non-CAD patients (all p < 0.001). Logistic analyses showed that ApoB/A1 could be a risk factor for multivessel disease (OR: 2.768, 95% CI: 1.868-4.103, p < 0.001). ApoB/A1 was found to be significantly positively correlated with the Gensini score in CAD patients. Conclusions ApoB/A1 is highly associated with the presence and severity of coronary artery stenosis in patients with CAD but not in non-CAD patients.
Highlights
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the leading causes of death and illness in developed countries and will soon become prominent throughout the world [1, 2]
As atherosclerosis is regarded as a lipid-driven inflammatory disease [3], dyslipidemia, including high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) concentrations and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations, is a risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD) [4]
According to the specific patient groups who would be diagnosed or treated by coronary angiography, we elucidated the relationship between apolipoprotein B/A1 ratio (ApoB/A1) and the severity of coronary artery stenosis
Summary
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the leading causes of death and illness in developed countries and will soon become prominent throughout the world [1, 2]. As atherosclerosis is regarded as a lipid-driven inflammatory disease [3], dyslipidemia, including high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) concentrations and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations, is a risk factor for CAD [4]. ApoB/ApoA1 was proven to be a better risk predictor of atherosclerotic disease than the LDL/HDL [13, 14]. It remains unclear whether ApoB/A1 correlated with the severity of coronary artery stenosis, and the difference between CAD and non-CAD groups was still vague. According to the specific patient groups who would be diagnosed or treated by coronary angiography, we elucidated the relationship between ApoB/A1 and the severity of coronary artery stenosis
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