ApoA5-1131T→C polymorphism and its effect on triglyceride level in type 2 diabetes patients with nephropathy

Abstract

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major cause of end-stage renal disease. Epidemiological studies suggest genetic predisposition to DN. Apolipoprotein A5 (ApoA5) plays an important role in the triglyceride (TG) metabolism, accelerating the catabolism of the TG-rich lipoproteins. Studies revealed that the ApoA5-1131 polymorphism is strongly associated with TG levels affecting DN risk. Patients with DN have increased fasting plasma TG levels, and studies report that elevated TG precedes DN. To test the effect of polymorphism ApoA5-1131T→C on the elevated TG levels contributing to the development of DN on type 2 diabetes patients, the study was conducted on 40 diabetic patients divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of diabetic nephropathy (DN+ and DN−), com- pared to 20 age- and sex-matched apparently healthy con- trols. DNA analysis was performed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. ApoA5-1131 CC carriers had a higher mean TG in the DN +, DN−, and control groups (TG 224, 201, and 204 mg/dl, respectively) (p00.001) compared to TT and TC carriers. Genotype distribution between controls and patients revealed CC carriers in the DN− and DN+ to be 55 and 45 %, respectively, compared to only 15 % in the control group (p00.001). Association between DN and the poly- morphism (CC) that affects fasting TG is seen in this study (OR04.6, 95 % CI01.02-21, p00.001). ApoA5-1131 CC carriers are more susceptible to a higher fasting TG level and the development of DN.