Abstract
Objectives: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of death globally with increasing burden in South Asians in the US. Specific genetic variants that influence CAD have not been fully assessed in South Asian Immigrants. The goal is to identify Apo lipoprotein A1 (APOA1) gene polymorphisms and their association with CAD risk factors, metabolic syndrome and dysfunctional HDL (Dys-HDL).Methods: A community-based study on South Asians aged 35-65 years without CAD was conducted.APOA1gene sequencing was performed and genotypes compared with cardiovascular findings.Results: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome and dysfunctional-HDL was 29.7% and 26%, respectively. Six novelAPOA1gene single nucleotide peptides (SNPs) were analyzed. Three of the six SNPs (G2, G3, and G5) were found to be associated with metabolic syndrome; G2 (T655C) (p=0.044), G3 (T756C) (p=0.037) and G5 (T1001C) (p=0.037).APOA1gene SNP G1 (T319C) was highly correlated with low HDL levels (p=0.001). In our study, both associations ofAPOA1SNPs with metabolic syndrome and low HDL remained after age-adjustment.Conclusion: Discovery of novel gene polymorphisms will help to understand further the causes of excess CAD risk in South Asians so that preventative strategies targeted to high-risk group can be developed.
Highlights
Aggressive clinical and public health interventions have resulted in significant reduction in cardiovascular disease (CVDs) and mortality
DNA was analyzed for six Apo lipoprotein A1 (APOA1) gene polymorphisms or single nucleotide peptides (SNPs) in the South Asian immigrants (SAIs) without known coronary artery disease (CAD) (Tables 3 and 4)
Our results are consistent with the results of these recent genome-wide association studies of blood lipid levels and metabolic syndrome (MS) and we identified to be significantly associated with MS and low high density lipoprotein (HDL) in SAIs, a group not well represented in research studies
Summary
Aggressive clinical and public health interventions have resulted in significant reduction in cardiovascular disease (CVDs) and mortality. CVD in general and coronary artery disease (CAD) in particular continue to be the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in the US, accounting for more than 40% of all deaths [1]. Dence that the prevalence of CAD and its risk factors are on the rise in immigrant populations that constitute more than 11% of the US population. South Asian immigrants exhibit a higher prevalence of CAD and risk factors compared with Caucasians [2,3,4,5]. These findings are not limited to the US [4,5,6,7,8,9].
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