Aplicación de un programa de ahorro de sangre en cirugía cardiaca: análisis y resultados

Abstract

Introduction and objectivePreoperative anemia, reexploration for bleeding and need for transfusion are common problems in patients undergoing mayor cardiac surgery and are associated with an increase morbidity and mortality. The objective of the present report is to evaluate our surgical results focusing on hematological parameters after the implementation of a Patient Blood Management (PBM) program. MethodsBetween March 2021 and May 2022, we have consecutively operated on 104 mayor cardiac surgery patients with the PBM program. The mean patient age was 65±11 years, 66% of the patients were male, 21% had a EuroScore II>5, 24% had preoperative anemia, and 2,8% were Jehovah's Witnesses who refused transfusions. The 19,2% of the procedures were off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting, 8,7% endocarditis, 10,6% redo operations, 2,9% acute aortic syndromes, and 34% urgent or emergent cases. ResultsThe incidence of reexploration for bleeding was 1,9% and the perioperative transfusion rate was 25%; 87,5% of the patients operated on electively and 90,5% of the isolated coronary patients did not receive blood components. The mean number of red blood cell concentrates (total transfusion index), fresh frozen plasma, and pooled platelets transfused per patient was 0.47, 0.16, and 0.07, respectively. ConclusionsThe PBM has allowed us to achieve our quality objectives in terms of reintervention for bleeding and perioperative transfusion rate.