Abstract
Aplastic Anemia is a severe potentially fatal hematological syndrome, characterized by peripheral pancytopenia and bone marrow hypoplasia, with an occurrence rate of 2-6 cases per million per year. This case report is about a 9 year-old boy, with no pathological known antecedents, and a sudden onset, apparently without any pathological associated conditions, who was diagnosed with severe Idiopathic Aplastic Anemia, and a fulminate evolution. The lack of compliance of the parents regarding the therapy, and also the lack of a protective child’s legislation, led to patient’s death in a very short time.
Highlights
Aplastic Anemia is described as a severe, potentially fatal, hematological syndrome, characterized by hypo or aplastic bone marrow associated to peripheral pancytopenia
The most commonly accepted theory is the autoimmune hypothesis; aplastic anemia seems to develop secondary to the hematopoietic cell destruction by immune mechanisms [5,6,7]
The medical ethics and deontology are extremely important in the hemato-oncological pediatrics; these are the promoters of this battle against the system – whenever the benefit of the child does not come first, or, some other times, when there is a violation of a fundamental constitutional right of the child – the right to live, by the only person that should defend it by any means, the parents
Summary
Aplastic Anemia is described as a severe, potentially fatal, hematological syndrome, characterized by hypo or aplastic bone marrow associated to peripheral pancytopenia. It is a rare, sporadic, noncontagious condition, caused by the hematopoietic cell destruction inside the bone marrow and it may lead to a bone marrow failure [1]. There are signs suggesting inherited bone marrow failure syndrome such as: abnormal skin pigmentation, short stature, organ dysfunction, hypogonadism, skeletal anomalies [8,9]. It may be necessary to proceed straight to emergent stem cell transplantation. In most cases this is the only curative treat-. There is a higher risk of relapse and late clonal disease for immunosuppressive drugs administration [10,11]
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