Abstract
The emergence of malaria parasite strains resistant to practically all the antimalarial drugs in clinical use is now making it necessary to discover and develop both new antimalarial drugs and treatments. Recent advances in molecular techniques along with the availability of genome sequence of Plasmodium falciparum may provide a wide range of novel targets in metabolic pathways like isoprenoid biosynthesis, fatty acid biosynthesis and heme biosynthesis in the apicoplast of Plasmodium. On the other hand, the combination therapy approach (currently used to retard the selection of parasite strains resistant to individual components of a combination of drugs) has proved to be a success in the combination of sulphadoxine and pyrimethamine, which targets two different steps in the folate pathway of malaria parasite. However, after the success of this therapeutic combination, the efficacy of other combinations of drugs which target different enzymes in a particular metabolic pathway has, apparently, not been reported. Therefore, herein, we review various drug targets so far discovered in apicoplast-related anabolic pathways, especially, with a sharper focus on the possibility to target more than one enzyme at a time in a particular metabolic pathway of malaria parasites.
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