Abstract
Apical extrusion of debris (AED) by the full sequence of the self-adjusting file (SAF) system was compared with that of the XP-endo shaper plus sequence. Sixty permanent mandibular incisors were randomly assigned to two groups (n = 30) for root canal instrumentation: Group A: Stage 1—pre-SAF OS, pre-SAF 1 and pre-SAF 2 files, followed by Stage 2—1.5 mm SAF; and Group B: Stage 1— hand K-file 15/0.02, followed by Stage 2—XP-endo shaper and Stage 3—XP-endo finisher. The AED produced during instrumentation at each stage was collected in pre-weighed Eppendorf tubes. The weights of AED by the two methods were compared using t tests with significance level set at 5%. Group A produced significantly less total AED than Group B (p < 0.001), with no significant difference in debris extrusion between the two stages (p = 0.3014). Conversely, in Group B, a significant difference was noted between Stage 1 and Stages 2 and 3 (p < 0.01), with no significant difference between Stages 2 and 3 (p = 0.488). Both sequences resulted in measurable amounts of AED. Each phase, in either procedure, made its own contribution to the extrusion of debris.
Highlights
Prevention of the apical extrusion of intracanal bacteria and debris during root canal instrumentation is among the most important objectives of the endodontic treatment of teeth with apical periodontitis [1]
The amount of debris extrusion may vary on the basis of kinematics, number
The amount of debris extruded apically by the 2 stages did not exhibit a significant difference between them (p = 0.3014) (Figure 4)
Summary
Prevention of the apical extrusion of intracanal bacteria and debris during root canal instrumentation is among the most important objectives of the endodontic treatment of teeth with apical periodontitis [1]. Cases with apical debris extrusion are often clinically associated with pain or swelling post-endodontic instrumentation [2]. Such extrusion during root canal instrumentation (Figure 1) may have a detrimental effect on healing after endodontic treatment [3,4,5]. The extrusion of debris is an involuntary result of root canal instrumentation, regardless of the types of instruments used [6]. The amount of debris extrusion may vary on the basis of kinematics, number of files used, taper, Appl.
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