Aphid Species, Their Natural Enemies in Vegetables from Erzincan, Turkey: First Record of the Parasitoid Wasp Aphelinus mali (Haldeman) parasitizing Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach)*

Adnan Canbay,İşıl Özdemi̇r,İsmail Alaserhat

doi:10.15832/ankutbd.574812

Abstract

Aphid species, their parasitoids and predators on vegetables (bean, cucumber, eggplant, melon, okra, pepper, pumpkin, tomato and watermelon) grown in Erzincan province, Turkey were determined. Surveys were carried out at weekly intervals from the seedling period until the end of the harvest period in Central and Uzumlu districts of Erzincan province in 2014-2016. 30-40 plants were randomly selected in the surveys and all parts of plants were investigated with a magnifier. Ten aphid, seventeen predator and seven parasitoids species were found. According to results, Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) was first recorded as a host of Aphelinus mali (Haldeman) (Aphelinidae: Aphelininae) in the world. In addition, parasitism rates of aphids were also established. The mean parasitism rate changed between 17.5% in 2015 and 4.39% in 2016. The relationship between parasitism rate, total parasitized aphid number and total aphid number were found. According to the analysis result, there was a very weak or a high positive correlation (r= 0.126-0.721) between total aphid number and total parasitized (mummified) aphid number, and not a correlation existed between parasitism rate and total aphid number as for years.

Highlights

One of the food groups that people need for healthy and balanced nutrition is vegetables and fruits
Aphid species and their parasitoids, predators were collected on plants of Abelmoschus esculentus L., Capsicum annuum L., Citrullus lanatus Thunb., Cucurbita pepo L., Cucumis sativus L., Cucumis melo L., Lycopersicon esculentum Miller, Phaseolus vulgaris L., Solanum melongena L. grown in greenhouse or open field in Erzincan province
It was found that aphids on Capsicum annuum L., Cucurbita pepo L., Phaseolus vulgaris L. was more intense in terms of distribution and intensity among other vegetable plants

Summary

Introduction

One of the food groups that people need for healthy and balanced nutrition is vegetables and fruits. Aphid species are polyphagous, feed on plant sap and multiply rapidly under favorable conditions They feed on the leaves, shoots, branches, stems, fruits and roots of plants and cause serious damage and lead to the formation of fumagine. This formation reduces the photosynthesis and respiration capacity of plants (Lodos 1986; Ölmez Bayhan & Ulusoy 2002; Tepecik et al 2011). In addition to these damages, aphids vectors to viruses and other similar organisms, which are often more important than other damages (Lodos 1986; Matheus 1993)

Methods

Results

Conclusion