Aortic valve repair: a ten-year single-centre experience

Abstract

Aortic valvuloplasty could represent an alternative to valve replacement resulting in optimal haemodynamic conditions, avoiding anticoagulation and allowing, in young people, normal aortic annulus growth. We analysed our results of aortic valve repair for incompetence due to leaflets and root pathology. From January 2003 to January 2013, 235 patients affected by aortic valve regurgitation, pure or associated with aortic dilatation, were treated with a combination of the principal leaflet repair techniques and, when necessary, sparing procedures. Of these patients, 218 were considered eligible in this study. All of them were submitted to pre- and postoperative transthoracic echocardiography and pre- and post-repair transoesophageal echocardiography. Follow-up was achieved with periodic echocardiograms and clinical evaluations. Eight patients (3.40%) died before discharge. Median clinical and echocardiographic follow-up for all patients was 2.94 (1.41-5.41) years. Mean cross-clamping time was 101.94 ± 40.22 min and mean hospital stay was 10 ± 6.69 days. Kaplan-Meier freedom from aortic regurgitation >2 and freedom from aortic valve replacement were, respectively, 92.9 ± 2.8 and 94.5 ± 2.5% at 9.24 years: 6 patients (2.75%) were reoperated on with aortic valve replacement for severe aortic regurgitation. We also observed a good effect of aortic surgery on the left ventricle: the end-diastolic volume decreased from 137.89 ± 50.23 ml in the preop to 105.17 ± 31.19 ml at follow-up. Aortic valve leaflet repair seems to be a good and feasible option for selected patients, both alone or associated with an aortic sparing technique concerning long-term results.