Abstract
Despite its small size the cerebellum is an anatomically complex and functionally important part of the brain. Traditionally the cerebellum is viewed as amotor control structure entirely devoted to motor control and learning, but recent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies demonstrated significant involvement of the cerebellum in higher order cognitive functions. The anatomical complexity of the cerebellum is reflected by the several nomenclature systems that exist for the description of cerebellar anatomy. The cerebellum can be affected by avariety of pathological processes, including congenital, infectious and inflammatory, neoplastic, vascular, degenerative and toxic metabolic diseases. The purpose of this pictorial review is to (1)provide ageneral overview of cerebellar anatomy and function, (2)demonstrate normal cerebellar anatomy on imaging studies, and (3)illustrate both common as well as rare pathological conditions affecting the cerebellum.
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