Anxiety sensitivity elevates the risk of mental health problems in employees with higher probability of contacting COVID-19 at work.

Abstract

Individuals with increased risk of being in contact with COVID-19 cases at work have been reported to suffer from higher fear of infection and associated mental health problems. The present study examines whether this risk is further increased by higher anxiety sensitivity (AS, i.e., fear of bodily symptoms such as breathlessness, which also are core symptoms of COVID-19) that is also known to be associated with an increased risk of psychopathology. In spring 2020, 783 German health care and social workers participated in a cross-sectional online-survey, in which anxiety sensitivity, depression, anxiety, health anxiety, fear of a COVID-19 infection as well as panic symptoms were assessed. Of these participants, 28.7% affirmed contact with COVID-19 cases, which was associated with greater fear of the virus. Individuals with high AS reported more severe anxiety, health anxiety, depressive symptoms, as well as incident and recurrent panic symptoms. Moreover, the risk association of exposure to COVID-19 cases at work with health anxiety, general anxiety, and panic symptoms was further increased by higher levels of AS. These findings suggest that especially employees with contact to COVID-19 cases who also are high in AS might profit from targeted interventions to prevent excessive fear and associated mental health problems.