Anxiety sensitivity as a predictor of panic attacks

Abstract

Anxiety sensitivity (AS) is the fear of physical symptoms of anxiety and related sensations believed to have harmful consequences. AS may play a central role in the nature and etiology of panic disorder (PD) and the genesis of panic attacks. We collected Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI) scores from PD patients and controls to determine if AS accurately predicts panic. ASIs were completed prior to panic induction using the modified Read rebreathing test in both hypoxic and hyperoxic conditions. Total scores first-order factors, and individual item ASI scores were correlated with panic presence (Spearman correlation) for each of the hypoxic and hyperoxic rebreathing tests for both study populations. Control subjects' data correlated significantly for items 4, 8, and 11 of the ASI for the hyperoxic ( n=9; r S=0.63, 0.70, and 0.63, respectively) and items 4 and 8 for the hypoxic rebreathing tests ( n=9; r S=0.63 and 0.70, respectively). Panic patients' data correlated significantly for item 1 of the ASI for hyperoxic tests ( n=8; r S=0.76) and item 5 for the hypoxic tests ( n=8; r S=0.95). Total ASI scores or first-order factors (physical, social concerns, and mental incapacitation) scores of either study group did not correlate significantly with panic presence. AS may not be a reliable predictor of panicogenic responses to CO 2-induced panic in either PD or normal control populations. AS may not be an ultimate causal element in eliciting panic attacks.