Abstract
In this article we review two theories in which anxiety and its relationship to intergroup relations play a central role: anxiety/uncertainty management (AUM) theory and the integrated threat theory (ITT) of prejudice. The antecedents and consequences of anxiety in each theory are presented and comparisons between the theories are drawn. AUM specifies a greater range of antecedents, while ITT specifies a greater range of threats. The theories differ in the conceptualizations of the effects of anxiety with AUM holding that anxiety often has beneficial effects on intergroup relations and ITT arguing that anxiety typically has detrimental effects. AUM examines communication as the primary effect of anxiety whereas ITT focuses on prejudice. Possible reconciliations between the theories are discussed along with directions for future research.
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