Anxiety disorders in old age

Abstract

This review highlights the key recent issues and novel findings on anxiety disorders in older adults. Studies of the epidemiology, medical and psychiatric comorbidity, neurobiology, and treatment of anxiety in the elderly are discussed. Overall prevalence studies of anxiety symptoms or disorders in older adults indicate that, although less common than in younger adults, they are relatively common in late life. We examine the prevalence of specific anxiety disorders in the elderly, as mechanisms, outcomes, and treatment response may vary by type of anxiety disorder. Physical and psychiatric comorbidity are common. Certain anxiety disorders, such as generalized anxiety disorder, have demonstrated a positive impact following acute coronary syndrome. Regarding treatment, small effect sizes and incomplete response are typical, posing a challenge when treating this age group. The epidemiology, neurobiology, and treatment of anxiety conditions in late life have recently received more attention in the medical literature. Areas in need of further investigation include neurobiology, clinical presentation, management, and treatment, as we do not know whether procedures indicated for younger cohorts hold for older adults.