Anxiety, depression, and family dysfunction among COVID-19 patients admitted to hospital and isolation facilities in the Philippines

Abstract

COVID-19 patients are prone to developing psychosocial distress during and after admission to healthcare facilities. This prospective cohort study determined the prevalence of anxiety, depression, and family dysfunction among COVID-19 patients discharged from health facilities in Metro Manila, Philippines. Data was collected through phone interviews with COVID-19 patients two weeks and eight weeks after discharge. The questionnaires were based on validated tools such as HADS-P for screening anxiety and depression symptoms and Filipino Family APGAR and SCREEM Family resources survey for the perceived family function and resource, respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics to determine the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms. Factors associated with anxiety, depression, and family function were analyzed using logistic regression. Approximately 31.6% (23.8 – 40.2%) presented with anxiety symptoms, and 12.0% (7.3 – 18.4%) had depression symptoms two weeks after being discharged from COVID-19 infection. From two weeks after discharge, the prevalence of anxiety symptoms decreased to 19.8%, while depression increased to 13.5% eight weeks after discharge. The percentage of patients with a perceived moderate family dysfunction was 12.8% at two weeks and most inadequate resources for the patients. The patient's anxiety was associated with perceived moderate family dysfunction (p = 0.034) and moderately inadequate family resources (p = 0.034). Depression most inadequate resources for the patients. The patient's anxiety was associated with perceived moderate family dysfunction (p = 0.034) and moderately inadequate family resources (p = 0.034). Depression was associated with perceived moderate family dysfunction (p = 0.020) and low income (p = 0.036). This is one of the first studies to determine how COVID-19 infection affects the mental health status of Filipino patients. The study’s results highlight the importance of holistic care for COVID-19 patients and the need to include mental health in the management of COVID-19 patients.