Abstract
This study examined the extent to which anxious and nonanxious persons differed in their inclusiveness of information processing, and identified cognitive mediational processes responsible for these differences. One hundred thirteen anxious and nonanxious subjects solved geometric analogies under time-limited conditions. Subjects committed inclusion errors (i.e., included extraneous information in the problem solution) or exclusion errors (i.e., omitted relevant information from the problem solution). Anxious persons made more inclusion errors than did nonanxious persons ( p < .002), more exclusion errors than did nonanxious persons with few-transformation analogies ( p < .02), and more inclusion than exclusion errors with many-transformation analogies ( p < .05). These results are not attributable to a decrease in the range of cue utilization, but are rather attributed to anxious persons' slow rate of information processing caused by a decreased allocation of attentional resources and/or a reduction of working memory capacity, which promotes the adoption of a partial information search strategy.
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