Anxiety and depression state among patients with different type of vertigo and dizziness

Abstract

Objective:To assess the status of anxiety and depression among patients with different type of vertigo and dizziness, and to figure out the possible reason. Methods:The data of the patients with vertigo from November 2017 to June 2020 were reviewed, and their status of anxiety and depression were assessed using self-rating anxiety scale（SAS） and self-rating depression scale（SDS）. Results:A total of 559 patients with vertigo were enrolled, including 94 cases for vestibular migraine （VM）, 86 cases for Meniere disease （MD）, 78 cases for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo （BPPV）, 77 cases for sudden hearing loss（SHL） with vertigo, 74 cases for no definite diagnosis, 58 cases for vestibular neuritis （VN）, 57 cases for benign recurrent vertigo （BRV） and 35 cases for persistent postural-perceptual dizziness （PPPD）.The incidence of anxiety is 43.11%（no definite diagnosis=64.86%, VM=63.83%, MD=55.81%, PPPD=48.57%, BRV=47.37%）, and the incidence of depression is 11.27% （no definite diagnosis=25.68%, PPPD=17.14%, VM=14.89%, BRV=14.04%, MD=12.79%）. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyze SAS and SDS scores of patients with vertigo. The results showed that there were significant differences in each group. All patients were divided into 3 groups according to the duration of vertigo. The anxiety incidence of >2 years group was highest（58.56%）, and the second one was 2 months to 2 years group（54.75%）. There was no statistically significant difference between 2 groups by χ²test（P>0.05）. But both of them were significantly higher than the <2 months group（17.30%）. The depression incidence of >2 years group was highest（32.43%）, the second one was 2 months to 2 years group（10.27%）, and the lowest one was <2 months group（0%）. χ² test（P<0.01） showed statistically significant differences among these three groups. Conclusion:Anxiety is more common among patients with vertigo than depression, and the patients who suffer from VM，MD，PPPD or BRV have significantly higher rates of psychiatric comorbidity.