Abstract
Chronic non-specific low back pain has an important psychological impact. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of anxiety and depressive disorders (ADD) and factors associated to their apparition in patients suffering from chronic non-specific low back pain in rheumatological consultation in Lome. Patients and Methods: It was a cross-sectional study, conducted from October 1st, 2015 to 31st March 2016. This study focused on all patients suffering from common chronic low back pain without psychiatric history in the Rheumatology Ward at the Sylvanus Olympio’s Teaching Hospital of Lome and who have given their consent. The psychological evaluation was carried out through Hamilton scale. The processing, the statistical treatment and analysis of our data have been carried out using Epiinfo software, version 7.1.5. The investigation was approved by the local Ethics Committee. Results: 48 (39 women and 09 men) out of 123 patients with chronic lower back pain presented anxiety and depressive disorders (ADD) accounting for a prevalence rate of 39%. Their average age was 50.3 years old. The most frequent ADD was: psychic anxiety (58.6%), depressive mood (51.3%), difficulties to feel asleep (47.9%) and disturbed or agitated sleep (43.1%). Factors associated with the anxiety and depressive disorders in common chronic low back pain were: female gender (p = 0.02), dependent children (p = 0.02), occupation (reseller (p = 0.002), liberal profession (p = 0.009), monthly financial income (p = 0.002), surroundings family (0.009), medical history (p = 0.0002) and pain’s intensity > 7 (p = 0.04). Conclusion: This study shows the high frequency of anxiety and depressive disorders in common chronic low back pain and their influence by socio-economic and demographic factors.
Highlights
Low back pain (LBP) is a public health problem in the developed countries [1]
This study focused on all patients suffering from common chronic low back pain without psychiatric history in the Rheumatology Ward at the Sylvanus Olympio’s Teaching Hospital of Lomé and who have given their consent
This study shows the high frequency of anxiety and depressive disorders in common chronic low back pain and their influence by socio-economic and demographic factors
Summary
Low back pain (LBP) is a public health problem in the developed countries [1]. Its prevalence is high in France [2] and England [3]. In Africa, its prevalence is high and estimated in Nigeria, Benin and Togo respectively to 40%, 36% and 35.5% [4]. The frequency of the LBP patients with mood disorders, hypochondriacs or hysterical tendency is more important than in the general population [7]. Anxiety and depressive disorders (ADD) greatly influence chronic LBP, raise and fuel it. Anxiety and depressive disorders should not be minimized in the context of organic pathology, in order to enable the adaptation of early and global care, regular evaluation and especially the prevention of suicidal risk. In Morocco, the anxiety component of pain was found in 34.6% as against 17.3% for the depressive component of pain in chronic low back pain patients [9]. The prevalence of ADD is elevated in the populations of patient with chronic pain [8]
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