Abstract
Psychiatric morbidity such as anxiety and depression is common among patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). The coexistence of psychiatric morbidity negatively affects the outcome of treatment and increases the overall burden of disease in CAD patients. The objective of the study was to identify the level of anxiety and depression among patients with CAD. Descriptive, cross-sectional research design and purposive sampling were used and a total of 168 patients having coronary artery disease were selected purposively for the study from the patients attending cardiac outpatient department of Sahid Gangalaal National Heart Center, Kathmandu, Nepal. Data was collected on 2017 by using pretested semistructured interview schedule, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. The findings showed that 27.4% of the respondents had anxiety caseness and 23.8% of the respondents had depression caseness. Bivariate analysis showed that patient's level of anxiety was significantly associated with sex, family income, occupation status, and self-esteem. Higher level of anxiety (42.4%) was found in female than male patients. Likewise, level of depression was significantly associated with education status, occupation status, presence of comorbidities, physical exercise, and self-esteem of the patients. There was significant positive relationship between anxiety and depression score. Thus anxiety and depression were common among patients with CAD. Hence, anxiety and depression in CAD patients need be monitored regularly, provide regular counseling services, and refer the patients for the treatment when needed.
Highlights
Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the common public health problem worldwide
The results further demonstrated that respondents whose family income is not sufficient to family had more anxiety caseness than respondents whose family income is not enough to run family
Out of 168 patients, 27.4% of the patients had anxiety caseness and 19.6% had borderline anxiety. This finding is almost similar to the study conducted in Brazil [14] where 48.4% of coronary artery disease (CAD) patients had anxiety
Summary
Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the common public health problem worldwide. Almost three quarters of all NCD deaths and 82% of the 16 million people who died prematurely, or before reaching 70 years of age, occur in low- and middle-income countries [1]. Among all NCDs, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading global cause of death globally [2]. Nepal is facing the surging burden of NCDs where the prevalence of NCDs is 31%. Among NCDs, CVD accounts 40% of all NCDs cases. Majority of CVD cases were hypertension (47%) followed by cerebrovascular accident (16%), congestive cardiac failure (11%), ischemic heart disease (7%), rheumatic heart disease (5%), and myocardial infarction (2%) [3]
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