Abstract
BackgroundAlthough the effect of pseudogene ANXA2P2 on some tumors has been reported in a few literatures, the therapeutic potential and prognostic value of ANXA2P2 in ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma (OV) have not been elucidated.MethodsThe correlation for ANXA2P2 expression patterns to prognostic characteristics, tumor immune microenvironment, immune cell infiltration level, tumor mutation burden (TMB), tumor microsatellite instability (MSI), drug sensitivity, and pathway function enrichment were investigated in pan-carcinoma via TCGA and GTEx databases. Subsequently, the role of ANXA2P2 expression levels in the pathway enrichments and prognosis prediction in OV were further explored using weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) analysis, gene mutation analysis, and risk-independent prognostic analysis.ResultsANXA2P2 was frequently overexpressed in a variety of tumors compared with normal tissues. The correlation analysis for prognostic characteristics, tumor immune microenvironment, immune cell infiltration level, TMB, MSI, drug sensitivity, and pathway function enrichment revealed that ANXA2P2 expression patterns might deal a significant impact on the pathogenesis, development, and prognosis of various tumors. Then, GSVA, GSEA, WGCNA, gene mutation, and independent prognostic analysis for OV have indicated that high expression in ANXA2P2 could be mostly enriched in TNF-α signaling-via-NF-κB, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, apical junction, IL-6-JAK STAT3 signaling, etc., which were also proved to act as crucial factors on tumorigenesis, development, invasion, and metastasis. The mutation of TP53 (94%), TTN (24%), and CSMD3 (9%) in the biological process of tumor had been confirmed by relevant studies. Finally, the independent prognostic analysis demonstrated that ANXA2P2 expression in OV contributes greatly to the dependability of 3- and 5-year survival prediction.ConclusionIn summary, our findings might provide a helpful foundation for prospective explorative researches, afford new strategies for the clinical treatment, deal prognosis prediction, and give new hope for OV patients.
Highlights
Ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma (OV) is one of the most common epithelial malignant tumors of the female reproductive system, accounting for about 30% of all ovarian carcinomas [1, 2]
According to the The Cancer Genome Atlas Program (TCGA) transcriptome data, ANXA2P2 was significantly overexpressed in a variety of tumors compared with normal tissues, including breast invasive carcinoma (BRCA), CESC, CHOL, colon adenocarcinoma (COAD), esophageal carcinoma (ESCA), glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), kidney chromophobe (KICH), KIRC, kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma (KIRP), liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC), lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD), thyroid carcinoma (THCA), and uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) (Figure 1A)
The expression level of ANXA2P2 was determined by combining TCGA and GETx transcription data, and the upregulated ANXA2P2 expression was observed consistently in tumor tissues versus normal tissues in adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC), bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA), BRCA, CESC, CHOL, COAD, ESCA, GBM, KICH, KIRC, KIRP, lower-grade glioma (LGG), LIHC, LUSC, ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma (OV), pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD), skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM), STAD, testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT), THCA, UCEC, and UCS (Figure 1B)
Summary
Ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma (OV) is one of the most common epithelial malignant tumors of the female reproductive system, accounting for about 30% of all ovarian carcinomas [1, 2]. Some other studies had suggested that ANXA2 could increase the activity of DNA polymerase and promote the invasive growth and metastasis of tumor cells to surrounding tissues [18,19,20]. It is unclear whether its pseudogene ANXA2P2 has the same predictive value, and its clinical significance and biological function in OV were unclear as well. The effect of pseudogene ANXA2P2 on some tumors has been reported in a few literatures, the therapeutic potential and prognostic value of ANXA2P2 in ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma (OV) have not been elucidated
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