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Abstract
Background Anvillea garcinii Coss. & Durieu (Anv) plant is used as a traditional North African medicine against several diseases associated with inflammation. At inflammatory sites, reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced in excess by activated phagocyte NADPH oxidase (NOX2) can accentuate inflammatory responses. Thus, we investigated if Anv-water soluble polysaccharides could modulate primary human neutrophil oxidative burst in vitro.MethodsHuman neutrophils were isolated from fresh whole blood and O2 .- generation was measured by cytochrome c reduction assays. Western blots were used to analyse the translocation of PKC, p47phox (a key component of NOX2 activity) to neutrophil plasma membrane. Also, myeloperoxidase (MPO) release in the extracellular medium was studied by western blots. Flow cytometric analysis was used to detect CD11b membrane expression.ResultsWater soluble polysaccharides from Anv dose-dependently inhibited N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLF)- and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-induced O2 .- generation by human neutrophils. Moreover, Anv-polysaccharides strongly inhibited PMA-induced PKCβ and p47phox translocation to membranes and p47phox phosphorylation on Ser328, a main PKC target. In contrast, polysaccharides extract from Zygophyllum gaetulum plant, which is also used as a traditional North African medicine against inflammatory diseases, was ineffective on this PKCβ-p47phox pathway. Further, Anv inhibited important neutrophil degranulation markers corresponding to myeloperoxidase (MPO) release and CD11b membrane expression.ConclusionThe process of down-regulating NADPH oxidase by polysaccharides extracts from Anv provides new insights into the mechanism of Anv’s anti-inflammatory actions.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12906-016-1411-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Highlights
Anvillea garcinii Coss. & Durieu (Anv) plant is used as a traditional North African medicine against several diseases associated with inflammation
Our study shows that Anvillea garcinii Coss. & Durieu water-soluble polysaccharide extract was efficient in inhibiting reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and degranulation of primary human phagocytes
Anv inhibited superoxide production by neutrophil in response to phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) The effect of Anv on ROS production by human neutrophils was compared with that of Zygophyllum gaetulum Emb. & Maire (Zyg), another North African medicinal plant Zyg, which is used to treat against inflammatory diseases, even though they are of different genus
Summary
Anvillea garcinii Coss. & Durieu (Anv) plant is used as a traditional North African medicine against several diseases associated with inflammation. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced in excess by activated phagocyte NADPH oxidase (NOX2) can accentuate inflammatory responses. The inhibition of excessive oxidant production and degranulation represent an important therapeutic target and could in part explain the beneficial effects of certain natural products used against inflammatory disorders. To this end, bioactive products isolated from medicinal plant such as Garcinia buchananii and Ficus aurantiaca Griff have been shown to be antioxidative by respectively displaying in vitro H2O2 scavenging activity [9] or inhibiting neutrophil ROS production [10]. Medicinal plant extracts are usually made with water and water-soluble polysaccharides isolated from plants have attracted much attention because of their broad spectrum of therapeutic properties and relative low toxicity [12]
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