Antyczno-chrześcijańskie proweniencje staropolskiej literatury pastoralnej

Abstract

This article describes the influence of the ancient and Christian tradition on the formation of the genology of the idyll. It is a species structure that has a special kind of motivation, which was manifested in the methods of its conventionalization. The author presents the stage of the entry of the idyll into Polish literature of the Renaissance starting with the first Latin-language traces of idyllic creativity by Pietro Illicino and Stanisław Koszutski. Currently, these literary works are little known, although the circumstances of their creation are very interesting. Furthermore, bucolic provenance was discussed, referring to the Italian and Greek traditions. The theme of ancient and Roman Catholic Arcadia was analysed. The systematized theoretical record includes information on the relationship of the idyll with other pastoral genres, such as eclogues, carols or pastorales. The article also interprets idylls that refer to the Christian concept of neoplatonic love, i.e. the divine Amor divinus and the wordly Amor profanus. The process of transforming a Latin idyll into a Polish-language idyll is presented in the context of cultural and literary conditions of that time. This article contains a description of important genre criteria (with the textual exemplifications) gradually adapted by the first authors of pastoral literature, such as: Jan Kochanowski, Szymon Szymonowic and the Zimorowic brothers. The opus of these poets prove the numerous transformations of idyllic criteria in specific textual realizations, showing the complicated path in the location of the idyll in the canon of literature and in Polish culture in general, with its lifespan and topicality at the same time. Key words: idyll, genology, Antiquity, Renaissance, Christianity, Jan Kochanowski, Szymon Szymonowic, Szymon Zimorowic, Józef Bartłomiej Zimorowic