Abstract
In food chain of terrestrial ecosystem, ants have roles as predator of other arthropods, eater of seed, nectar, plant and aphid secreation, and fragmenter of dead organic matter. This research wanted to know the ant biodiversities and dominant ant species at Bendosari Park ecosystem, Salatiga municipality. Sampling technique used pitfall-trap in 10 zones that every zone had different trees composition. Each zone put five pitfall-traps,for 2x12 hours that were collected at 06.00 and 18.00. Observation was done eight times, every two weeks. Research result got five sub families, 16 genera, 20 morfospecies and 1462 individu. Species richness index of ant at 06.00 and 18.00 were 2.48 and 2.35. Species eveneess index of ant at 06.00 and 18.00 were 0.76 and 0.54. Species biodiversity index of ant at 06.00 and 18.00 were 2.19 and 1.60. Species biodiversity index of ant that relatively high was found at zone 2 and relatively low was found at zone 6 eventhough there was not different from one zone to others.
Highlights
Pohon yang tumbuh dominanAkasia (Akasia mangium), Pinus (Pinus merkusii), dan Karet (Hevea brasiliensis) Kepel (Stelechocarpus burahol), Pinus (Pinus merkusii), Damar (Agathis dammara), dan Akasia (Akasia mangium) Sawo (Manilkara zapota), Alpukat (Persea americana), Akasia (Akasia mangium), Pinus (Pinus merkusii, dan Kepel (Stelechocarpus burahol) Pinus (Pinus merkusii), Damar (Agathis dammara),, Kayu putih (Melaleuca leucadendra), dan Sawo (Manilkara zapota) Pinus (Pinus merkusii), Damar (Agathis dammara), Akasia (Akasia mangium) Pinus (Pinus merkusii) Damar (Agathis dammara) dan Glodokan (Polyalthia longifolia) Damar (Agathis dammara) dan Mahoni (Swietenia marcophylla) Mangga (Mangifera indica L.), Nangka (Artocarpus heterophyllus), dan Damar (Agathis dammara) Durian (Durio zibethinus), Nangka (Artocarpus heterophyllus) dan Pepaya (Carica papaya)
Pada rantai makanan di ekosistem darat, semut berperan sebagai, predator terhadap artropoda lainya, pemakan biji, nektar, sekresi tumbuhan, sekresi kutu daun, dan pencacah bahan organik yang mati
Species biodiversity index of ant that relatively high was found at zone 2 and relatively low was found at zone 6 eventhough there was not different from one zone to others
Summary
Akasia (Akasia mangium), Pinus (Pinus merkusii), dan Karet (Hevea brasiliensis) Kepel (Stelechocarpus burahol), Pinus (Pinus merkusii), Damar (Agathis dammara), dan Akasia (Akasia mangium) Sawo (Manilkara zapota), Alpukat (Persea americana), Akasia (Akasia mangium), Pinus (Pinus merkusii, dan Kepel (Stelechocarpus burahol) Pinus (Pinus merkusii), Damar (Agathis dammara),, Kayu putih (Melaleuca leucadendra), dan Sawo (Manilkara zapota) Pinus (Pinus merkusii), Damar (Agathis dammara), Akasia (Akasia mangium) Pinus (Pinus merkusii) Damar (Agathis dammara) dan Glodokan (Polyalthia longifolia) Damar (Agathis dammara) dan Mahoni (Swietenia marcophylla) Mangga (Mangifera indica L.), Nangka (Artocarpus heterophyllus), dan Damar (Agathis dammara) Durian (Durio zibethinus), Nangka (Artocarpus heterophyllus) dan Pepaya (Carica papaya). Gambar 2) di Hutan Kota Bendosari, Salatiga, yaitu pada tanggal 9 Maret 2020. Dipasang lima buah perangkap sumuran, yang diletakkan secara diagonal, pada bagian tengah dan keempat sudutnya. Peta Zonasi Hutan Kota Bendosari, kotamadya Salatiga berdasarkan Pohon yang Dominan Tumbuh. Sampel semut yang terperangkap dikumpulkan ke dalam botol berisi alkohol 90% dan dibawa menuju ke laboratoriumProteksi Tanaman, Fakultas Pertanian, UKSW, Salatiga. Lokasi pengambilan sampel di Hutan Kota Bendosari, kota Salatiga ini memiliki 10 zona yang diperoleh dari pohon yang tumbuh dominan di lokasi penelitian. Pengambilan sampel semut menggunakan perangkap sumuran (pitfall trap). Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan memasang 50 perangkap sumuran yang tersebar pada 10 zona (Gambar 3). Setiap sampel diidentifikasi hingga tingkat spesies menggunakan: 1) perangkat lunak LUCID ant key, 2) buku Identification Guide to the Ant Genera of The World ,dan 3) jurnal panduan Keanekaragaman dan Identifikasi Semut Arboreal di Lanskap Hutan Harapan dan Taman Nasional Bukit Duabelas Jambi (Bolton, 1994 dan Nazaretta, 2017)
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