Anti-windup schemes for load frequency control of power systems with governor deadband

Abstract

Two anti-windup schemes are proposed for the load frequency control (LFC) of power systems with governor deadband (GDB). One is based on the observer structure of the LFC controller, which utilizes the output of the governor to reconstruct the input to the system in order to correctly estimate the controller states. The other is based on the error between the realistic output of the governor and its ideal value which is fed back and added to the output of the LFC controller. Simulation results show that the two schemes are effective in reducing the limit cycle caused by GDB. The observer-based anti-GDB has some limitations in practical implementation and performance, while the error-compensation-based scheme is simple to implement and can approximate the disturbance rejection performance of the original LFC controller.