Antiviral Phytocompounds: A Methodical Review of Therapeutic Efficiency Against SARS-Like Human Coronaviruses

Laskar Yahyea Baktiar,Laskar Monjur Ahmed,Talukdar Anupam Das,Roy Sayani,B Kunnumakkara Ajaikumar ,Vandana Udaya Kumar ,Pranab Behari Mazumder

doi:10.36959/451/697

Abstract

Abstract Introduction Coronaviruses are a group of rapidly evolving and single-stranded RNA viruses that cause mild upper respiratory infections. The casualty caused by coronavirus diseases like the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in 2004, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) in 2012 and the recently discovered SARS-like disease, Coronavirus disease 2019 (CoVID-19) has been recognized as a threat to public health. Considering all coronaviruses shares similarity in genomic architecture and clinical manifestations, this study is aimed to summarize present knowledge about the therapeutic efficiency of medicinal plant and their compounds against SARS-like human coronaviruses and to report potential preventive drug templates from natural products. Methods In this comprehensive review, we have assembled and investigated available published information on natural products with potent anti-viral activity against the pathogenesis of SARS-like coronaviruses from different electronic databases. Systematically we have included plants and their compounds that have been historically active against RNA viruses including SARS-like coronaviruses. Results This study observed that promising therapeutic outcome can be anticipated from at least fifteen such traditionally used phytocompounds in the prevention and treatment of coronavirus diseases and its associated health complexities. Discussion/Conclusions Because of a variable genome in RNA viruses, it is very difficult to design a drug or vaccine that is effective in the long term. Parallel to contemporary medicines, plant-based natural products with antiviral potential can also be assessed for their efficiency and safety against these diseases.

Highlights

Coronaviruses are a group of rapidly evolving and single-stranded RNA viruses that cause mild upper respiratory infections
In 2012, the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) caused by another Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)-like coronavirus belonging to the order Nidovirales took 858 lives as reported by the World
The general characteristics of the clinical and pharmacological aspects of the plant extracts and their phytocompounds identified by this review are listed in Table 1 and Table 2

Summary

Introduction

Coronaviruses are a group of rapidly evolving and single-stranded RNA viruses that cause mild upper respiratory infections. The casualty caused by coronavirus diseases like the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in 2004, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) in 2012 and the recently discovered SARS-like disease, Coronavirus disease 2019 (CoVID-19) has been recognized as a threat to public health. Coronaviruses are a group of rapidly evolving, single-stranded (+) RNA viruses that cause mild to moderate upper respiratory infections generally spread through airborne droplets to the nasal mucosa [1,2]. In 2003-2005, a newly discovered beta-coronavirus in China caused SARS with an estimated 8,098 reported cases [4]. In 2012, the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) caused by another SARS-like coronavirus belonging to the order Nidovirales took 858 lives as reported by the World.

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Results

Conclusion