Abstract
The search for natural resources with antiviral potential, as an alternative to synthetic drugs, has been growing and, in this sense, oregano presents itself as a potential candidate. However, the antiviral studies with oregano are still poorly explored. BoHV-1 stands out among veterinary pathogens, for its economic impact on cattle production. In this study, the antiviral and virucidal activity of polar extracts of Origanum vulgare was evaluated against BoHV-1. Infusion (INF10), decoction (DEC), and hydroalcoholic (HAE) extracts were tested to cytotoxic and antiviral assays on MDBK cells. Cytotoxic effects were analyzed through MTT assay and the antiviral activity was expressed as a percentage of inhibition (PI). BoHV-1 was incubated with O. vulgare extracts as virucidal assay. Concentrations ≤3.12 mg/ml (INF10) and ≤1.56 mg/ml (DEC/HAE) preserved the cell viability above 60%, and all extracts were safe (>96%) between 0.78 and 0.39 mg/ml. Regarding the antiviral activity, pre-treatment of all extracts highlighted in comparison to the post-treatment. The pre-treatment of infusion at 2 mg/ml highlighted due to the high cell viability (84.69%) and the elimination of the viral load. All extracts inactivated BoHV-1 from 2 hours of incubation (20 mg/ml), showing virucidal activity. These findings may be related to 4-hydroxybenzoic acid as prevalent in all extracts. These findings showed the in vitro antiviral and virucidal activity of oregano polar extracts against BoHV-1 and may be promising for the therapeutic use against herpesviruses infections.
Highlights
Among viral pathogens of veterinary importance, members of the Herpesviridae family are characterized by their capacity to remain latent in their host over a lifetime for later spread (Roizman et al, 2013)
Chemical analysis According to the chemical analysis previously performed (Waller et al, 2018), phenolic acids and flavonoids were found in all aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts tested, with the exception of (-) - epicatechin, which was not detected in any extract
4-hydroxybenzoic acid was highly quantified, being the prevalent compound for all o. vulgare extracts: INF10 (120.44 ±1.5 μg/g), DEC (144.98 ± 16.24 μg/g) and HAE (160.61 ± 0 μg/g), followed by syringe acid and caffeic acid for the aqueous extracts, whereas the hydroalcoholic extract showed a higher amount of caffeic acid followed by syringic acid
Summary
Among viral pathogens of veterinary importance, members of the Herpesviridae family are characterized by their capacity to remain latent in their host over a lifetime for later spread (Roizman et al, 2013). (BoHV-1) infections have high morbidity and cause economic losses to livestock, since treatment of those infections are unknown. These viruses mainly affect the respiratory and genital tract of male and female bovines, but reproductive damages are what stand out most, causing abortions, return to estrus, and retention of the placenta (Hage et al, 1996). After primary infection and viraemia, BoHV-1 becomes latent in the nerve ganglia. A reactivation of the virus occurs leading to the appearance of clinical signs, elimination of the agent or even elimination without the presence of symptoms. The main control measures are the identification and elimination of infected animals and herd vaccination (Franco & Roeche, 2007; Loi et al, 2013)
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
