Abstract
Pseudorabies virus (PRV), a member of the Herpesviridae, is the causative agent of an acute infectious disease in a variety of animals. The emergence of a novel variant strain brought huge economic losses to the pig industry since classical vaccine strains were not completely effective against variant strains. Therefore, the development of new anti-pseudorabies virus drugs and vaccines is of great significance for the treatment and prevention of pseudorabies. In this study, we found that germacrone, one of the major components of the essential oils extracted from Rhizoma Curcuma, was able to effectively inhibit PRV replication in a dose-dependent manner in vitro. Germacrone showed antiviral activity against PRV in the early phase of the viral replication cycle. Moreover, we found that germacrone does not directly kill the virus, nor does it affect the expression of the PRV receptor protein nectin-1, nectin-2, and CD155. Our results suggest germacrone could be used as an efficient microbicide or immunomodulatory agent in the control of the emerging variant PRV.
Highlights
Pseudorabies (PR), an acute, febrile infectious disease caused by pseudorabies virus (PRV), usually occurs in sows and is characterized by reproductive disorders and neurological signs [1]
We found that germacrone can inhibit PRV replication in a dose-dependent manner at the early stage of viral replication
Variant PRV and PRV vaccine strain Barth K61 were propagated in Vero cells cultured in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) supplemented with 2% FBS
Summary
Pseudorabies (PR), an acute, febrile infectious disease caused by pseudorabies virus (PRV), usually occurs in sows and is characterized by reproductive disorders and neurological signs [1]. PRV was discovered at the beginning of the 20th century and is prevalent in at least 44 countries [2]. Pigs are the natural hosts and the main source of transmission, but PRV has a broad host range and can infect a variety of livestock and wildlife [2,3]. It has been reported that PRV can infect humans, with weakness, fever, sweating, dysphagia, and neurological dysfunction as typical symptoms [4]. PRV belongs to the Alpherpesvirus subfamily [5,6].
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