ANTIULCEROGENIC EFFECT OF CRYOPRESERVED PLACENTA EXTRACT AND THE EFFECT OF LOW TEMPERATURES ON THE DIGESTIVE TRACT INJURED BY DICLOFENAC SODIUM IN THE EXPERIMENT

Abstract

Today, the ulcerogenic effect of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is a key factor that significantly limits their clinical use and is a serious medical and social problem, as these drugs are among the most commonly used drugs – they are used annually by about 5­–7% of the world's population. The aim is to characterize the antiulcerogenic effect of cryopreserved placenta extract and its application against the background of low temperatures in the model of diclofenac sodium-induced ulcerogenesis in rats according to macroscopic studies of the proximal and distal digestive tract. The study was performed on 42 male rats weighing 200–220 g. Acute diclofenac sodium-induced gastrointestinal damage was replicated by a single intragastric administration of diclofenac sodium to rats at a dose of 50 mg/kg. Euthanasia of animals was performed after 24 hours. The condition of the mucous membrane of the digestive tract was assessed on a scale and calculated integrated indicators – ulcer index and antiulcer activity. Cryocell-cryoextract of placenta was administered to rats intramuscularly at a dose of 0.16 ml/kg body weight. Cryoirrigation was performed once by local injection of liquid nitrogen vapor (temperature – 120˚C) for 10 s. It was found that diclofenac sodium at a dose of 50 mg/kg led to erosive-ulcerative damage to the gastric mucosa in 100% of rats, and the ulcer index was 3.9. The most pronounced leveling of the ulcerogenic effect of diclofenac sodium was observed against the combined preventive use of placental cryoextract and low temperature effect – the ulcer index was 12.6 times lower than that of rats with diclofenac sodium-induced ulcerogenesis without correction. Macroscopic evaluation of the distal gastrointestinal tract showed that the introduction of diclofenac sodium led to a statistically significant (p < 0.05) lesion of the mucous membrane of the small and large intestine in 42.9% of rats. According to the magnitude of antiulcer effect (%) in the model of diclofenac sodium-induced ulcerogenesis, the investigated prophylactic approaches for antiulcer activity have the following priority: action of low temperatures + cryoextract of placenta (96.7%) > cryoextract of placenta (92.1%) ~ esomeprazole (88.2%) > action of low temperatures (72.1%). No lesions of both the small and large intestine on the background of the introduction of placental cryoextract in the model of diclofenac sodium-associated ulcerogenesis were detected.