Abstract
Objective:Cod liver oil is used widely as a dietary supplement. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of cod liver oil (0.5 g/kg, p.o. and 1 g/kg, p.o.) on gastric and duodenal ulcers.Materials and Methods:The study was carried out on different gastric ulcer models such as acetic acid induced chronic gastric ulcers, pylorus ligation, indomethacin induced ulcers, stress induced ulcers and ethanol induced ulcers. The duodenal ulcers were induced using cysteamine hydrochloride (HCl). Ranitidine (50 mg/kg p.o.) and misoprostol (100 µg/kg, p.o.) were used as standard drugs.Results:Both doses of cod liver oil showed gastric ulcer healing effect in acetic acid induced chronic gastric ulcers, produced gastric antisecretory effect in pylorus-ligated rats and also showed gastric cytoprotective effect in ethanol-induced and indomethacin-induced ulcer. Cod liver oil also produced a significant reduction in the development of stress induced gastric ulcers and cysteamine induced duodenal ulcer. The high dose of cod liver oil (1 g/kg, p.o.) was more effective compared to the low dose (0.5 g/kg, p.o.).Conclusion:Cod liver oil increases healing of gastric ulcers and prevents the development of experimentally induced gastric and duodenal ulcers in rats.
Highlights
Cod liver oil (CLO) is a dietary supplement that consists of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), which includes C20 fatty acids (17%), palmitoleic acid (7%) and C22 fatty acids (11%), vitamin A not less than 850 USP units/g and vitamin D not less than 85 USP units/g.[1,2] Cod liver oil is widely used in the treatment of rickets and osteomalacia as a dietary supplement.The development and progression of gastric ulcer, to some extent, depends on the type of the food consumed by the patient
The assay of vitamin D was carried out using the HPLC method mentioned in the Indian Pharmacopoeia and the CLO sample was found to contain 114 IU/ml of vitamin D
Acetic acid-induced chronic gastric ulcer The CLO produced a significant reduction in the ulcer index and the ulcer score
Summary
Cod liver oil (CLO) is a dietary supplement that consists of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), which includes C20 fatty acids (17%), palmitoleic acid (7%) and C22 fatty acids (11%), vitamin A not less than 850 USP units/g and vitamin D not less than 85 USP units/g.[1,2] Cod liver oil is widely used in the treatment of rickets and osteomalacia as a dietary supplement. The development and progression of gastric ulcer, to some extent, depends on the type of the food consumed by the patient. Studies have been carried out to evaluate the effect of fish oils on the development of gastric ulcer. Vitamin E present abundantly in fish oils is reported to reduce the development of indomethacin induced gastric damage.[5]
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